Smoke-consuming globe



Patented Mar. 28, I899.

SMOKE cuwsumma ems:

M A L R U D (Application filsd Mar. 11, 1898.)

(No Mode l.)

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JOHN DURLAM, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

SMOKE-CONSUMING GLOBE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 621,910, dated March28, 1899.

Application filed March 11,1898. Serial No. 673,455- (No model.)

To aZZ- whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN DURLAM, a citizen of the United States,residing at Buffalo, county of Erie, State of New York, have invented acertain new and useful Improvement in Smoke-Gonsumin g Globes,of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention relates to a new and useful improvement in globes for gas,oil, and other burners, and has for its object to so construct andarrange a globe of this description as to bring about perfect combustiontherein, thereby consuming every particle of combustible material andpreventing the giving off of smoke or unconsumed gases, which haveheretofore occasioned so much annoyance in discoloration and unpleasantodors.

WVith these ends in view this invention consists in the details ofconstruction and combination of elements hereinafter set forth and thenspecifically designated by the claims.

In order that those skilled in the art to which this inventionappertains may understand how to make and use the same, the constructionand operation will now be described in detail, referring to theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which-Figure 1 is a central vertical section of my improvement as especiallyadapted for gasburners; Fig. 2, a section at the line a; 00 thereof;Fig. 3, a central vertical section of my improvement adapted for use inconnection with the burners of ordinary oil-lamps; Fig. 4:, aslightly-modified form of Fig. l, in which the heat-passages are of lesssize relative to the size of the burner, while a reverberating dome isprovided at the top of the outer globe; Fig. 5, a central verticalsection showing a modified form of my improvement,

. in which a single globe is used and a deflecting-top of metal or othersuitable material applied thereto having a hood for conveying theproducts of combustion downward; and Fig. 6, a form of my invention inwhich a straight globe is used having a bracket secured therearound forthe support of a dome or half-length outside globe.

In the use of gas, oil, and the like for illuminating purposes it hasheretofore been customary to place around the flame a single globe openat both ends in order that air for combustion might be supplied to theburner beneath and escape therefrom at the upper end; but, as isobvious, the result of this is a rapid passage of air at a comparativelylow temperature through the globe, which when coming in contact with theflame tends to reduce the temperature of the products of combustion tosuch an extent that such flames usually give off a certain amount ofsmoke or unconsumed gas, which not only reduces the brilliancy of thelight, but is wasteful of the material being used for the production ofsaid light and with the consequent result of befouling the surroundingatmosphere and often the walls and other objects in proximity thereto.Another cause which tends to aggravate the result above named is thechilling efiect of the exterior air upon the sides of the globe, and asa brisk circulation of this air takes place immediately adjacent tothese surfaces by reason of said air being raised in temperature fromcontact with said surfaces the temperature of the globe is much lessthan would otherwise be the case were its outer surfaces protected fromthis chilling effect of the air, and the reduced temperature of theglobe in turn reduces the temperature of the air and products ofcombustion passing through the globe. The natural means of overcomingthese objectionable results is the inclosing of the primary globe insuch manner as to protect its outer walls from the action of theexternal air and at the same time utilizing the fed thereto by the airwhich passes through the globe. Still another condition must be observedin bringing about perfect combustion within a globe, and that is theprevention of the chilling of the products of combustion before theyhave had time to be thoroughly combined by the action of the heat, andthis has heretofore not been done, since when the products of combustionissue from the top of a short globe they were immediately reduced intemperature below a point where chemical combinations could further takeplace, and thus caused the formation of soot, smoke, and disagreeableodors.

I overcome the difficulties above named and accomplish the desiredresults here stated by the following constructions:

In Figs. 1 and 2 my improvement is especially designed for use inconnection with gasburners, and consists of an inner globe or chimney A,adapted to fit upon a suitable bracket B, while around this is placedthe secondary globe or chimney O, which latter may be either formed withthe globe A by a cross-web D, through which are a suitable number ofholes E, or it may be separated and attached thereto in any suitablemanner or held in proper relation thereto bya bracket F, and in practiceI prefer that the pipe G, leading to the burner, shall have a coil Hformed therein of sufficient diameter to just pass within the outerglobe. From this it will be obvious that when the gas is ignited at thetip of the burner it will be supplied with a proper quantity of air forits combustion by the inflowing of the atmosphere at the lower end ofthe globe A, and that the products of combustion will pass upwardthrough this globe and be deflected by the semispherical top I of theouter globe, from V whence it will pass downward through the space Jbetween the two globes and out at the bottom of the outer globe. Duringthis passage of the products of combustion the temperature of the innerglobe will be raised to approximately the temperature of the flame, andthis will be assisted by the downward passage of these products in theirstill heated state through the space J, for by so doing the outer wallsof the inner globe are kept at a relatively high temperature, with theobvious result of maintaining the proper temperature of the burner tobring about complete combustion, and with a further obvious result ofgiving the products of combustion sufficient time to thoroughly combinebefore being brought into contact with the surrounding atmosphere, andthus preventing their being chilled, which would, as before set forth,cause the formation of soot, smoke, and objectionable odors. Anotheradvantage of the construction just described is that thedownward-flowing heated products of combustion will come in contact withthe coil II and raise the temperature thereof, and this in turn willheat the gas passing through said coil, which, as is well known, willassist the combustion of said gas when reaching the burner, therebyintensifying the illuminating power of the resultant flame.

In Fig. 3 the construction is especially adapted for the burners ofordinary oil-lamps, and consists of the inner globe or chimney K, whichis adapted to fit upon an ordinary bracket of the lamp, and around thischimof the inner globe and the products of combustion formed by theflame and air pass upward in their heated state through this inner globeand are returned through the passage M, formed by the two globes, untilissuing from the lower end of the outer globe, and in so doing maintainthe inner globe at the proper temperature to give to the products ofcombustion a sufficient time in their heated state to properly combinebefore being chilled by contact with the surrounding atmosphere.

The modification shown in Fig. at includes an inner globe or chimney Nand an outer globe O, the latter having formed upon its upper end aspherical reverberating dome I, the object of which is to retain theproducts of combustion a greater length of time than would otherwise bethe case, thereby permitting them to more thoroughly combine and also toform a heating-chamber the walls of which will give off sufficient heatto raise the temperature of the room in which the device is placed,

In Fig. 5 Q represents the primary globe,

,which has supported upon its upper end a dome R, with which is formed adeflectinghousing S, there being suitable openings T for the passage ofthe products of combustion from the dome to this housing, whereby theymay be deflected downward, with the results above named. This dome andhousing may be made of any suitable material, either glass 01' metal.

In Fig. (3 I have shown a straight globe U,- adapted to fit upon a gasor other bracket, and around this chimney is placed a supporting-bracketV, upon which is supported the dome or half-length globe IV, and whenthis form of globe is used the products of combustion will pass from theupper end of the chimney and downward through the space X, and finallyfrom the lower end of the outer globe, and in practice this globe maybemade of metal.

I have found by experiment that an exceedingly brilliant light isgenerated when my improvement is used, with a decided saving of thematerial for supporting the flame,

and that no smoke, soot, or smell issues therefrom, thus fully bearingout the statements above set forth.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and usefulis 1. In combination an inner globe, an outer globe supported thereby,said outer globe having a closed top for deflecting the products ofcombustion, as an d for the purpose described.

2. In combination with a gas -burner, a globe consisting of an innersection adapted to fit upon a support-bracket and an outer sectionformed therewith or attached thereto,

In testimony whereof I have hereunto af fixed my signature in thepresence of two sub and a coil formed beneath the burner and scribingwitnesses. adapted to be surrounded by the lower end of the outersection whereby the temperature of the gas passing to the burner will beraised, as specified.

JOHN DURLAM.

Witnesses:

FRANK HOFFMANN, EMIL NEUHART;

